Grape vines are the climbing, woody plants belonging to the genus Vitis that bear the succulent and versatile fruits known as grapes. These vines are characterized by their twining stems, serrated leaves, and clusters of berries. Grapes are exceptionally easy to cultivate, with a vast array of varieties suitable for diverse purposes, ranging from wine production to table consumption. The grapevine family includes both seeded and seedless varieties, with colors spanning from grass green to pink, champagne, and nearly blue-black. We have a great selection of them all year long but if we dont have what you're looking for, we are more than happy to try and order it in for you.
Cultivating grape vines requires a sunny location, a support structure for climbing, and a reliable set of pruners. The rewarding journey of growing these ancient fruits, cultivated for thousands of years, not only yields delicious berries rich in vitamins and antioxidants but also offers versatile uses for the leaves in pickling and dolmades. Additionally, grapevines can be artfully shaped into decorative wreaths, adding an aesthetic element to their functionality.
Originating from the Middle East around 8000 years ago, grape vines have played a pivotal role in human history. Evidence of grape cultivation is found in ancient Hieroglyphs and artifacts, with the earliest traces of manufactured wine dating back approximately 4000 years. Beyond their historical significance, grape vines are cherished for their adaptability to various climates and soil types, making them key players in the agricultural landscape of regions like British Columbia, where diverse grape varieties flourish in the rich terroir of the Okanagan Valley, Similkameen Valley, and Vancouver Island.
How to Grow Grape Vines
For successful growth, grapes thrive in warm, sunny locations with a minimum of 6 hours of sunlight, in average to poor sandy to gravelly soil with a pH between 5.0 and 7.0. Good drainage is crucial, and a sturdy climbing structure is necessary due to the vigorous growth, with some varieties capable of putting on about 20 feet of growth annually.
Container cultivation is also possible, with large enough containers allowing grapes to thrive along railings or balconies, provided proper drainage and fertilization are maintained. Pruning during the dormant season or winter is essential, with early winter being the optimal time, as sap starts to run early for grapes. Summer pruning in July or August can also be done to allow more light to reach growing grape clusters and control size.
Grape Vine Pollination
Regarding pollination, grapes are primarily wind or gravity pollinated but also benefit from the assistance of bees, flies, and other insects. While most grapes are self-fruitful, some varieties, like Muscadines and wild grapes, have both male and female plants, although a single plant is often sufficient for fruitful cultivation.
Overall, growing grapes involves a combination of proper pruning, care, and attention to create a bountiful harvest of this versatile and historic fruit.
Top Grape Vines To Grow in British columbia
British Columbia's diverse climate and regions allow for the successful cultivation of various grape varieties. Some of the top grape vines grown in British Columbia for wine production include:
1.Riesling: This white grape variety is well-suited to cooler climates and is known for producing aromatic and flavorful white wines. The Okanagan Valley, with its diverse microclimates, is particularly favorable for Riesling cultivation.
2. Chardonnay: a versatile white grape, is cultivated in several regions of British Columbia. It can produce both unoaked and oaked wines, offering a range of styles from crisp and refreshing to rich and full-bodied.
3. Pinot Noir: a red grape variety, is grown in various sub-regions, including the Okanagan Valley and Vancouver Island. It produces elegant red wines with complex flavors, often showcasing the unique terroir of the region.
4.Merlot: a red grape known for its soft and approachable character, is widely planted in British Columbia. The warmer regions, such as the South Okanagan, are particularly suitable for growing Merlot grapes.
5.Sauvignon: Cabernet Sauvignon, a classic red grape variety, is successfully cultivated in some warmer pockets of the Okanagan Valley. It produces bold and structured red wines, often blended with other varieties.
6.Syrah/Shiraz: Syrah also known as Shiraz in some regions, thrives in the warmer parts of British Columbia, such as the southern Okanagan. It produces robust red wines with spicy and peppery notes.
7. Gamay: Gamay is a red grape variety that has gained popularity for its lighter style and bright fruit flavors. It is well-suited to cooler climates and is cultivated in some parts of British Columbia.
The Okanagan Valley, Similkameen Valley, and Vancouver Island are among the notable grape-growing regions in British Columbia. The diverse terroir and microclimates contribute to the production of high-quality wines with distinct characteristics. Keep in mind that the suitability of grape varieties may vary based on specific vineyard sites and microclimates within the region.